• “/” Represents Proximity Search (Near Each Other) in Manu Search. It searches for the words/phrase in unordered manner with the use of Artificial Intelligence. To find words within a specified distance of each other you use the Proximity operator.
• For instance, to find documents with 'corporate', 'tax' and 'law' within 29 words of each other in any order you can use the Proximity Operator. e.g. "Corporate tax law"/29.

The option of Search within Results allows unlimited nesting option for the user. You may narrow down the results by searching only in the results. Select the search in results button, input your query in the search box and click on Refine.

* is a valid wildcard character used when the researcher is not sure about spelling of search keyword. For instance, when you type Prov* in search query, it will match province, provides, provisions, proved, and so on. Also, when you type *city in search query, it will match city, capacity, complexity, specificity, and so on.

Search filters can be used both ways i.e. before and after you make a search.
You can filter using various parameters like court name/time period/Judge/Judge bench/Subject etc.

• If you use comma between words without space then the search will happen for both words together. Instead if you use the words without comma, it will search for both words separately and give results.
• E.g. If you use search query child, custody – the search results will show all judgments where child custody is used together. (Boolean AND function) and if you type only child custody – the search results will show all judgments where child is used and where custody is used. (OR function)

We can make this search using either of the below two options:

• Manu Search → Frame ""Order 21 Rule 29 CPC""@8. From the results page using the filters you can open results from the relevant jurisdiction. The command used is @ which is ordered Proximity (Operator ‘@’).
• Legal Search: Go to Legal Search, then click on Act Search, and select the required Act to get your result.

• AND/OR Boolean operators can be used filter search results. This function is available towards the right-side of the Manu search bar in the drop-down - Auto/And/Or.
• If you select (AND) then the search Engine will fetch only those documents where all your keywords are present. If you select (OR) then Search Engine will fetch documents where even one among all your given keywords is available. If you select (NOT): These are to eliminate results with certain keywords that you don’t want in your results.

The bulb icon shows various search tips for making quicker and relevant search on Manupatra.

• Yes, it works like google search.
• Manupatra uses NLP (Natural language processing) so that you can keep your queries as simple as possible and still get accurate results.
• You can also phrase a query by putting "" (inverted commas) in beginning and last to make it a phrase.

You can access Articles on Manupatra - Articles by Professionals, Articles by Students, Academic Journals, Case Studies & Briefs, Moot Memorials, Alerts, Press Releases, and Insights etc. Yes, you can definitely use Manupatra for your research papers as already it is widely used by our users for the same.

Yes, you can search for Judgements on any specific Act and sections.
Also you can search judgement on two different acts and their different sections together.

To search a judgment from a specific court/tribunal, you need to first select the preferred court folder from TOC, and then go Manu/Legal / Assisted Search to make your search. Now your search will be limited to the selected court.

• To search a judgment with citation, you can use Citation Search
• Click on the citation search tab, Select radio button for Indian or for International Citations. From drop-down: Select name of Publisher, Type Year, Volume Number (If required), and Page Number.
• You can use this interface to search partial citations too.
• You can make a citation search from Manu search as well. Click on Manu Search, on the top left select Citation Search, type first three letters of Publisher, select publisher name, you will be prompted with the format of citation, fill in the required form and you will be able to retrieve citation.

• To search for a judgement through Party Name, Click on Legal Search. In Appellant/Respondent tab, type the name of both the parties or a single party. Click search to get the relevant result.
• Please ensure correct spelling is used while doing Party Name Search.

• To find a judgement through date, you can select the Court Name from TOC. Now click on Legal Search, Under Date tab Select ON, click the calendar icon to choose the preferred date/year. You will be able to see all the judgements from the selected court on the selected date.
• Search in result allows users to refine their searches further. Once you have made your first search through Manu or Legal Search, select the radio button of Search in Result, type your second query and refine your search. If required, you can further refine your query from search in result option for n number of times.

SCC changes paragraph numbers, whereas Manupatra never changes the Paragraph numbers.
It will match with the para number of Original Judgment of the Courts.

Print Replica provides you with option to take out a print out from the local journal without going to library. It gives you access to the Court copy of Judgments. It can be used to track accurate paragraph numbering or any other query. Print Replica is also available for Gazette Copy of Notification and Circulars.

Manupatra provides seamless integration between searching for a judgment and emailing the same further. E-mail the document to your colleagues, friends, and clients. (may or may not be subscribers of Manupatra), directly from the opened document itself and it would go as an attachment.

• User can save the Document by clicking “Save” Icon appearing on the top right corner of the document.
• Once you click on Save, a window will appear, showing you My Folder by default. You can create a new folder by clicking on Create New Folder icon. A box will appear asking for the folder name & password protection, which is optional.
• If you apply the password for a folder, while opening the folder you will be prompted for the password. The folder can be viewed only after password authentication. If you leave the password box blank and create the folder, the folder can be accessed without password.

Once you click on icon, the PDF version of Judgment will appear and the option of Printing Judgment with/without case note is there You can also download the judgment in Word Document and further take a print out from there.

Register yourself here (http://newsroom.manupatra.com/) to get updates on email. You can also subscribe to our Weekly E-Roundup from our homepage to get weekly updates through email.

To do this just adjust the setting in your Microsoft Word after downloading the Judgment in a word file, go to Page Layout --> select Columns --> one.

You can download a case law in pdf and .doc (Word) format. Both of these icons are available on top right corner of a judgement.

Yes, Manupatra provides regular legal updates, you can use the below link for the same:
http://updates.manupatra.com/

It’s the server time to log you out and allow you to login again. It is always suggested to use sign off Tab to close Manupatra site.

It is not possible to remove/delete search history. The Search history will show the last 20 searches.

Please find below the various options to get Notifications/Alerts on Mobile

1. WhatsApp Notifications:
Firstly save Manupatra's WhatsApp Number - 9667063337 to receive Manupatra WhatsApp alerts. Get your number added to our database by emailing us on contact@manupatra.com.

2. Mobile App Notifications
To get Manupatra Notifications/alerts on Mobile app, Go to Play Store and type Manupatra app, select android or iPhone as per your requirement and download the app.

3. Telegram Notifications:
Join Manupatra's Channel 7 on Telegram to get notifications/alerts.

• Case Map shows the top 10 backward reference cases where the subject case took reference/citing from and top 10 forward reference cases where the subject case was further referred/citied in.
• Interactive Timeline/Authority Check shows a graphical representation of all the forward reference case i.e. all cases where the subject case was referred/citied in. You also have an option to filter these cases by citing references like mentioned, discussed, overruled, etc.

• mPara stands for “Important Paragraphs” in judgments. mPara shows the key paragraphs of the current/subject judgment, that are further referred/citied in various Supreme Court judgments along with the treatment given by SC to these paras.
• Citied in Para shows the exact/relevant paragraph of all the judgments where the subject/current case has been further referred/citied.

• A red flag indicates that the judgment is completely overruled.
• A yellow flag indicates that the judgment is partially overruled.

By default, a judgment will be downloaded (PDF or WORD) without the highlights of query through which the search result was obtained. Also, the “Clear Highlights” icon on the top right corner of the judgments clears all the highlights on the judgment.

When you make a search on Manupatra, in Judgments where SLP is pending/disposed off, this icon will appear |

• Green Icon denotes that SLP status is disposed off.
• Red Icon denotes SLP status is pending.

• mPara - Shows key paragraphs of a judgment, on the basis of the number of times it has been referred to in other judgments.
• Cited in Para - Shows the paragraphs where the current case has been cited in other judgments.
• Manu Cite - Displays a sorted view of all the Judgments mentioned in the subject judgment, along with their cited count and treatment in other cases.

Manupatra does have the sticky notes feature with an option to give the comment box/notes a title along with personal comments.

Sticky Note is available along with other analytical features on the top right of the judgments.

• mPara - Shows key paragraphs of a judgment, on the basis of the number of times it has been referred to in other judgments.
• Cited in Para - Shows the paragraphs where the current case has been cited in other judgments.
• Manu Cite - Displays a sorted view of all the Judgments mentioned in the subject judgment, along with their cited count and treatment in other cases.

Manupatra does have the sticky notes feature with an option to give the comment box/notes a title along with personal comments.

Sticky Note is available along with other analytical features on the top right of the judgments.

You need to follow the below step to use the Sticky Note feature: –

• Click on Sticky Note available on top right side.
• Click on the highlighter icon to highlight any part of the judgment. Select the paragraph/part of the judgment you wish to highlight. By default it will select yellow color to highlight, however you can change your preferred color from the “Toolbar”.
• Once you have highlighted your specific section in the judgment, you have to click on the Comment icon to add a comment anywhere (beginning or ending) of the highlighted section.
• Right click on the comment icon once it is placed, it will give you an option to select “Notes” or create your new topic, where you can give the comment box a title and enter your comments into the same.
• Click on Save icon to save your comments.

After opening a judgment, using the “sticky note” feature you can highlight the important paragraphs in different color and save them also.

Once you open a judgment in Manupatra, the analytical tools can be accessed through various icons on the top right corner. The features are:

• m-para: Helps to find the key paragraphs of a judgment.
• cited in para : Shows the paragraphs where the current case has been cited in other judgments.
• Interactive Timeline/ Authority Check : Identifies the later-citing cases.
• Case Map : A graphical representation of the citing reference of the case.
• Highlight Catch Words : Highlights the important words throughout the judgment.
• This icon shows those judgments which were opened by people who have viewed this judgment.

We have miscellaneous features or icon define the "pending bills in parliament", "Brief Facts", "Annotations", "act in vernacular", "comparative chart", "Rules & Regulations", "Bare act yet to be enforced" & "Section wise judgment".